Civil Law Questions
Browse civil law questions asked by people across India.
Questions in Civil Law are answered with reference to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Each answer states the section that applies, the forum that hears the matter and the limitation period, so the position can be checked against the official text at India Code before you act on it.
The forum depends on the facts rather than the label: a dispute described as a family matter may be heard by a family court, a magistrate or a civil judge depending on whether the relief sought is maintenance, custody, injunction or declaration. Where the law has been renumbered by the 2023 criminal law reforms, answers note both the old and the new section numbers.
How do I get a mining lease for sand in Nashik under the state mining rules?
How do I get a mining lease for sand in Nagpur under the state mining rules?
How do I get a mining lease for sand in Pune under the state mining rules?
How do I get a mining lease for sand in Mumbai under the state mining rules?
How do I challenge a Itanagar property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Gangtok property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Aizawl property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Kohima property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Shillong property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Imphal property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Agartala property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Srinagar property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Jammu property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Vasco da Gama property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Margao property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Panaji property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Dharamshala property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Manali property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Shimla property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Haldwani property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Nainital property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Haridwar property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Dehradun property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Silchar property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Dibrugarh property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Guwahati property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Bilaspur property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Bhilai property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Raipur property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
How do I challenge a Bokaro property tax assessment before the state municipal assessment authority?
Not finding your exact situation?
Talk to an advocate about your own civil law matter — one full hour, instant booking, your documents reviewed on the call, a written summary afterwards.
1 hour, phone or video
Frequently Asked Questions about Civil Law
What is civil law in India?
Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, including property, contract, tort, and family matters. It is governed by the Civil Procedure Code 1908. Civil cases seek remedies like injunctions, damages, or specific performance, not punishment.
How to file a civil suit in India?
To file a civil suit: (1) Draft a plaint with facts and relief sought, (2) Pay court fees based on the claim value, (3) File in the appropriate court (Munsif/District Court based on jurisdiction), (4) The court issues summons to the defendant, (5) Both parties present evidence and arguments, (6) Court delivers judgment.
What is the limitation period for civil suits in India?
Under the Limitation Act 1963, limitation varies: 3 years for breach of contract, 12 years for recovery of immovable property, 3 years for tort claims, and 1 year for appeals to the Supreme Court. Missing the limitation period bars the suit.
What is an injunction in civil law?
An injunction is a court order restraining a party from doing (prohibitory) or compelling them to do (mandatory) a specific act. Temporary injunctions are granted under Order 39 Rule 1-2 CPC, permanent injunctions after trial.
How to file a consumer complaint in India?
File a consumer complaint: (1) Send a legal notice to the business, (2) If unresolved in 30 days, file with District Consumer Forum (claims up to ₹50 lakh), State Commission (₹50 lakh-₹2 crore), or National Commission (above ₹2 crore), (3) No lawyer is required, filing fee is nominal.