Civil Law Questions
Browse civil law questions asked by people across India.
Questions in Civil Law are answered with reference to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Each answer states the section that applies, the forum that hears the matter and the limitation period, so the position can be checked against the official text at India Code before you act on it.
The forum depends on the facts rather than the label: a dispute described as a family matter may be heard by a family court, a magistrate or a civil judge depending on whether the relief sought is maintenance, custody, injunction or declaration. Where the law has been renumbered by the 2023 criminal law reforms, answers note both the old and the new section numbers.
My father died leaving a will of Bangalore property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Saket property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Rohini property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Dwarka property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of New Delhi property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Delhi property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Amravati property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Kolhapur property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Solapur property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Aurangabad property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Navi Mumbai property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Thane property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Nashik property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Nagpur property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Pune property; do I need probate?
My father died leaving a will of Mumbai property; do I need probate?
My husband abandoned me in Itanagar; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Gangtok; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Aizawl; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Kohima; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Shillong; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Imphal; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Agartala; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Srinagar; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Jammu; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Vasco da Gama; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Margao; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Panaji; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Dharamshala; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
My husband abandoned me in Manali; can I claim maintenance under Hindu law?
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Frequently Asked Questions about Civil Law
What is civil law in India?
Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, including property, contract, tort, and family matters. It is governed by the Civil Procedure Code 1908. Civil cases seek remedies like injunctions, damages, or specific performance, not punishment.
How to file a civil suit in India?
To file a civil suit: (1) Draft a plaint with facts and relief sought, (2) Pay court fees based on the claim value, (3) File in the appropriate court (Munsif/District Court based on jurisdiction), (4) The court issues summons to the defendant, (5) Both parties present evidence and arguments, (6) Court delivers judgment.
What is the limitation period for civil suits in India?
Under the Limitation Act 1963, limitation varies: 3 years for breach of contract, 12 years for recovery of immovable property, 3 years for tort claims, and 1 year for appeals to the Supreme Court. Missing the limitation period bars the suit.
What is an injunction in civil law?
An injunction is a court order restraining a party from doing (prohibitory) or compelling them to do (mandatory) a specific act. Temporary injunctions are granted under Order 39 Rule 1-2 CPC, permanent injunctions after trial.
How to file a consumer complaint in India?
File a consumer complaint: (1) Send a legal notice to the business, (2) If unresolved in 30 days, file with District Consumer Forum (claims up to ₹50 lakh), State Commission (₹50 lakh-₹2 crore), or National Commission (above ₹2 crore), (3) No lawyer is required, filing fee is nominal.