Civil Law Questions
Browse civil law questions asked by people across India.
Questions in Civil Law are answered with reference to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Each answer states the section that applies, the forum that hears the matter and the limitation period, so the position can be checked against the official text at India Code before you act on it.
The forum depends on the facts rather than the label: a dispute described as a family matter may be heard by a family court, a magistrate or a civil judge depending on whether the relief sought is maintenance, custody, injunction or declaration. Where the law has been renumbered by the 2023 criminal law reforms, answers note both the old and the new section numbers.
The revenue department in Aurangabad denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Navi Mumbai denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Thane denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Nashik denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Nagpur denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Pune denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
The revenue department in Mumbai denied my land records without hearing me; can I file a writ?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Itanagar; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Gangtok; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Aizawl; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Kohima; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Shillong; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Imphal; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Agartala; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Srinagar; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Jammu; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Vasco da Gama; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Margao; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Panaji; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Dharamshala; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Manali; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Shimla; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Haldwani; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Nainital; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Haridwar; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Dehradun; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Silchar; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Dibrugarh; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Guwahati; how do I get free legal aid?
I cannot afford a lawyer in Bilaspur; how do I get free legal aid?
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Frequently Asked Questions about Civil Law
What is civil law in India?
Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, including property, contract, tort, and family matters. It is governed by the Civil Procedure Code 1908. Civil cases seek remedies like injunctions, damages, or specific performance, not punishment.
How to file a civil suit in India?
To file a civil suit: (1) Draft a plaint with facts and relief sought, (2) Pay court fees based on the claim value, (3) File in the appropriate court (Munsif/District Court based on jurisdiction), (4) The court issues summons to the defendant, (5) Both parties present evidence and arguments, (6) Court delivers judgment.
What is the limitation period for civil suits in India?
Under the Limitation Act 1963, limitation varies: 3 years for breach of contract, 12 years for recovery of immovable property, 3 years for tort claims, and 1 year for appeals to the Supreme Court. Missing the limitation period bars the suit.
What is an injunction in civil law?
An injunction is a court order restraining a party from doing (prohibitory) or compelling them to do (mandatory) a specific act. Temporary injunctions are granted under Order 39 Rule 1-2 CPC, permanent injunctions after trial.
How to file a consumer complaint in India?
File a consumer complaint: (1) Send a legal notice to the business, (2) If unresolved in 30 days, file with District Consumer Forum (claims up to ₹50 lakh), State Commission (₹50 lakh-₹2 crore), or National Commission (above ₹2 crore), (3) No lawyer is required, filing fee is nominal.