Civil Law Questions
Browse civil law questions asked by people across India.
Questions in Civil Law are answered with reference to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Each answer states the section that applies, the forum that hears the matter and the limitation period, so the position can be checked against the official text at India Code before you act on it.
The forum depends on the facts rather than the label: a dispute described as a family matter may be heard by a family court, a magistrate or a civil judge depending on whether the relief sought is maintenance, custody, injunction or declaration. Where the law has been renumbered by the 2023 criminal law reforms, answers note both the old and the new section numbers.
I was injured in a road accident in Nashik; how do I claim compensation from MACT?
I was injured in a road accident in Nagpur; how do I claim compensation from MACT?
I was injured in a road accident in Pune; how do I claim compensation from MACT?
I was injured in a road accident in Mumbai; how do I claim compensation from MACT?
A cheque issued to me in Itanagar bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Gangtok bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Aizawl bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Kohima bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Shillong bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Imphal bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Agartala bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Srinagar bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Jammu bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Vasco da Gama bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Margao bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Panaji bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Dharamshala bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Manali bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Shimla bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Haldwani bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Nainital bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Haridwar bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Dehradun bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Silchar bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Dibrugarh bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Guwahati bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Bilaspur bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Bhilai bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Raipur bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
A cheque issued to me in Bokaro bounced for insufficient funds; how do I recover it?
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Frequently Asked Questions about Civil Law
What is civil law in India?
Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, including property, contract, tort, and family matters. It is governed by the Civil Procedure Code 1908. Civil cases seek remedies like injunctions, damages, or specific performance, not punishment.
How to file a civil suit in India?
To file a civil suit: (1) Draft a plaint with facts and relief sought, (2) Pay court fees based on the claim value, (3) File in the appropriate court (Munsif/District Court based on jurisdiction), (4) The court issues summons to the defendant, (5) Both parties present evidence and arguments, (6) Court delivers judgment.
What is the limitation period for civil suits in India?
Under the Limitation Act 1963, limitation varies: 3 years for breach of contract, 12 years for recovery of immovable property, 3 years for tort claims, and 1 year for appeals to the Supreme Court. Missing the limitation period bars the suit.
What is an injunction in civil law?
An injunction is a court order restraining a party from doing (prohibitory) or compelling them to do (mandatory) a specific act. Temporary injunctions are granted under Order 39 Rule 1-2 CPC, permanent injunctions after trial.
How to file a consumer complaint in India?
File a consumer complaint: (1) Send a legal notice to the business, (2) If unresolved in 30 days, file with District Consumer Forum (claims up to ₹50 lakh), State Commission (₹50 lakh-₹2 crore), or National Commission (above ₹2 crore), (3) No lawyer is required, filing fee is nominal.