Labour Law Questions
Browse labour law questions asked by people across India.
Questions in Labour Law are answered with reference to Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 on retrenchment conditions, the Code on Wages, 2019, the Factories Act, 1948 and the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952. Each answer states the section that applies, the forum that hears the matter and the limitation period, so the position can be checked against the official text at India Code before you act on it.
The forum depends on the facts rather than the label: a dispute described as a family matter may be heard by a family court, a magistrate or a civil judge depending on whether the relief sought is maintenance, custody, injunction or declaration. Where the law has been renumbered by the 2023 criminal law reforms, answers note both the old and the new section numbers.
I am a construction worker and fell from a building at the site. My employer is not paying for my medical treatment. What should I do?
My employer is not giving me appointment letter or salary slips. Can I claim that I am an employee of the company?
My employer is forcing me to resign and threatening to terminate me if I don't. What are my rights in this situation?
I am a woman employee and my employer does not have a crèche facility though we have 60 employees. Is the company violating the law?
My employer shut down the office suddenly and did not pay our final settlement including leave encashment and bonus. What can I do?
I work in a software company and our employer makes us work on Saturdays without extra pay. Is this legal under Indian labour law?
My employer is making me sign a bond saying I cannot leave the company for two years and must pay Rs 2 lakh if I do. Is this valid?
I am a contract worker in a factory and the principal employer does not give us the same benefits as permanent workers. Is this legal?
My employer terminated me during my probation period without any notice. Can I challenge this termination?
I earn Rs 18,000 per month and my employer is deducting ESI contribution. Am I covered under ESI and what benefits do I get?
My employer is not paying me overtime even though I work more than 9 hours a day. What does the law say?
My company is planning to retrench 50 workers due to financial losses. What compensation and procedure must they follow?
I am on probation for six months and my employer extended it by another three months without giving any reason. Can they do this?
My employer denied me maternity leave saying I have not completed one year with the company. Is this legal?
I have worked in the same company for 12 years and now resigning. Am I eligible for gratuity and how is it calculated?
My employer is deducting PF from my salary every month but I don't know if they are actually depositing it. How can I check?
My employer terminated me without any notice and without paying salary for the last two months. What legal action can I take?
I am a woman employee and my manager is sexually harassing me at the workplace. What should I do and what protections does the law provide?
My employer has not paid me salary for the last three months and is saying the company has no money. What legal action can I take?
I am a daily wage worker in a construction company. Am I entitled to minimum wages and what is the legal protection?
My factory employer is not providing safety equipment and the working conditions are dangerous. Can I refuse to work and what protections do I have?
I was working as a software engineer in an IT company and was terminated during probation without any reason. Is that legal?
My employer is not depositing ESI contributions even though it is deducted from my salary. Where can I complain?
My employer is making me work 12 hours a day without paying any overtime. Is this legal in India?
I am a female employee and my company is refusing to give me maternity leave. What does the law say?
My salary is Rs 25,000 per month. Is my employer required to give me bonus and how much?
My employer is deducting PF from my salary but not depositing it with the government. What action can I take?
Not finding your exact situation?
Talk to an advocate about your own labour law matter — one full hour, instant booking, your documents reviewed on the call, a written summary afterwards.
1 hour, phone or video
Frequently Asked Questions about Labour Law
What is labour law in India?
Labour law in India governs employer-employee relationships, covering wages, working hours, leave, termination, and workplace safety. Key laws include the Minimum Wages Act 1948, Payment of Gratuity Act 1972, and the new Labour Codes 2020 (pending implementation).
What is the minimum wage in India?
Minimum wages vary by state, skill level, and industry. Under the Minimum Wages Act 1948, state governments fix minimum rates. For example, unskilled workers may get ₹350-700 per day depending on the state. Check your state labour department website.
How much gratuity is an employee entitled to?
Under the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972, employees with 5+ years of service are entitled to gratuity of 15 days wages for each year of service (calculated as last drawn salary x 15/26 x years of service). Maximum limit is ₹20 lakh.
Can an employer terminate without notice in India?
Termination without notice is illegal unless for gross misconduct. Normal termination requires 1-3 months notice or pay in lieu. Retrenchment compensation is 15 days pay per year of service under the Industrial Disputes Act 1947.
What is provident fund (PF) in India?
Provident Fund is a retirement benefit scheme under the EPF Act 1952. Both employer and employee contribute 12% of basic salary. It is mandatory for organizations with 20+ employees. EPF can be withdrawn at retirement or for specific purposes like housing, education, or medical emergencies.